First lesson

Basic rules and vocabularies

Main differences between ours alphabets

SK	SP
Ch	J
J	Y
C	Sometimes “k”, sometines like “z”
Z	Zeta, there is not this sound in SK jazik, but is like th in english
Rr	Double R, there is not this sound in SK jazik
Ll,Y	Double L, like “j” Jarka, Janko
B,V	In spanish B sounds as V
H	Never sounds but its necesary to write it

Basic vocabulary

Hello = hola

goodbay = adiós

Ako sa más = ¿como estás?

Dobre = bien

Velmi dobre = muy bien

Ako sa volas? = como te llamas?

Volam sa ... = me llamo …

Prosím = por favor

Prepac = lo siento

Pardon = perdon

Dakujem = gracias

Dakujem pekne = muchas gracias

Prosím (answer to dakujem) = de nada

nieco = algo

nic = nada

Dobre rano = Buenos dias (when you wake up and you see your mother)

Dobry den = Buenos dias (in general, to the people in the street)

Dobry vecer = Buenas tardes

Dobru noc = Buenas noches (at night or when you are going to sleep)

Dobru chut = Buen provecho, buen apetito (bon appetit!)

*The rules say that morning is until 12.00, but we make other difference:

From you wake up to lunch time (about 14.00/13.00) is morning.

From lunch to dinner (about 21.00) is afternoon.

Night is really when you are going to sleep.

Also for young people "yesterday" was before sleep and today is when you wake up. If you went to sleep at 08.00 (after party, of course) and you meet some neightbour in the elevator, they could say good morning and you good night. Completly funny their faces!

Also at 08.00 was yesterday, not today!

Change gender or number (singular/plural) iso easy in spanish.

In spanish there are only muzky rod and zensky rod. Ussually the words (sustantstivum/podstatne meno) end with -o or -a. With -o, mostly is masculinum and with -a mostly is femeninum.

There are other endings, like -e or consonant. In this case could be masculinum or femeninum (masculino o femenino, po spanielsky). You know if it is M. or F. because always there is one article in front of the substantivum (sustantivo).

The articles (articulos) are those:

	Masculino	Femenino
Singular	El	La
Plural	Los	Las

If the articulo is “el”, for sure is masculino. If it is “la”, it is femenino.

Examples:

La casa – Dom

El perro – pes

La cerveza – pivo (yes, in spain pivo is femenino)

El coche – auto

El ordenador – pocitac

La camara – fotoaparat

Cislo (numero)

Make plural is also easy. If the word ends in vowel (vocal), only we add -s to the end. If the word end in consonant (consonante), we add -es.

Examples (ejemplos):

Las casas

Los perros

Las cervezas

Los coches

Los ordenadores

Las camaras

More vocabulary, be careful, dont get tired (más vocabulario):

Áno = si

Nie = no

Numbers (numeros):

Jeden = uno

Dva = dos

Tri = tres

Styri = cuatro

Pät = cinco

Sest = seis

Sedem = siete

Osem = ocho

Devät = nueve

Desat = diez

Colours (colores):

The most important, of course are red and white. Why? How you can not order wine if you dont know them!? For make it easy, víno is vino po spanielsky!

Cervene = rojo

Biely = blanco

Modre = azul

žltá = amarillo

ruzovy = rosa

hnedy = marron

cierna = negro

oranzovy = naranja

zelena = verde

And now something more difficult, verbs (verbos):

Maybe the most importante verb in every language is to be (byt'), but in spanish we make differences with this verb. It is difficult to explain so i will explain in other topic alone, although now i am going to write for start with verbs.

Ja = Yo

Ty = Tu

On/ona = El/Ella

My = Nosotros

Vy = Vosotros

Oni/ony = Ellos/Ellas

Byt = ser/estar

hovorit = hablar

chodit = andar

ist = ir

cakat = esperar

robit = hacer

hrat = jugar

sedit = sentar (se)

studovat = estudiar

pocuvait = escuchar

mat = tener

pracuvait = trabajar

citat = leer

pisat = escribir

how you can inflect? for make it easier, in this website you can inflect all verbs in all verbal times (past, present, future)

Conjugador (in spanish, sorry!)

How to do:

only write the verb in spanish , select the time and click on "flexionar".

presente is present.

preterito imperfecto is past simple.

futuro imperfecto is future simple.

Interrogatives pronouns (pronombres interrogativos):

Co = que

Ako = como

Kto = quien

Ktory = cual

Kde = donde

Odkial = de donde

Kam = a donde

Kedy = cuando

Kolko = cuanto

Preco = por que

Naco = para que

That's all for today!

I will write the content of the next lesson after the meetings and also useful links, games, online exercises, atd.

I hope this blog will be useful for you!